In this book, we have referred a few times to "settlement negotiations." However, negotiating directly with the defendant and his or her lawyer is just one way you can reach a settlement. You can also use methods that are collectively called "alternative dispute resolution," which are more formal. They include mediation and arbitration, both of which are a little like informal trials led by someone specifically trained in resolving disputes. In some states, courts may order the parties to try an alternative dispute resolution method, or you may be obligated by a contract to try it. You can also choose this option on your own.